As a sci-fi reader and the parent of a
philosopher (the two interests are definitely related), I'm not
surprised that a claim has been made that a computer program has
managed — according to some — to have passed the famous Turing
Test.
What surprises me is that the world is
not agog over the news. Or that it has not been made fearfully
irrational by it.
Eugene Goostman is the name of a
'personality' created by programmers that recent history has made
unlikely collaborators.
Vladimir Veselov is a Russian, Eugene
Demchenko is Ukrainian. They've been working at Princeton Artificial
Intelligence since 2001, and decided their shot at the Turing prize
was to create a digital 13-year-old Ukrainian boy. That way, the
program could claim to know everything when being tested, but could
be believably wrong at the same time. Smart, that.
The aim of the test, as mathematical
genius Alan Turing proposed in 1950, was for the program to be able
to trick human questioners into believing it was a real human. Later
on, a standard was set at 30 per cent success to be considered a real
pass of Turing's test, which then touched off arguments that have
continued ever since.
Sci-fi, meet philosophy.
The ability of a computer to mimic
genuine intelligence is serious stuff. Not because people seem to
long for a HAL or a Commander Data as a friend, but because the quest
to create intelligence touches the base of our own notions of who we
are.
And how vulnerable we are in the
presence of our technology. More on that later.
The program Big Blue was able to defeat
a grand master at chess, because it could compute a massive number of
outcomes for any series of moves within the game. Eugene was
pre-loaded with a massive roster of possible responses to comments
and questions typed in by a human interviewer.
Neither power can be considered
evidence of the self-awareness or intentionality that marks a human.
Nor is it evidence of the functions of greed, compassion, desire to
dominate or willingness to sacrifice that humans — and many other
members of the animal kingdom — display naturally.
But last Saturday, Eugene Goostman
convinced 10 of 30 judges that it was human, in 30 simultaneous
unrestricted interviews. Other programs taking the test at the same
time failed. I haven't seen a report on how many of the human
interviewees set as test cases inside the exercise also failed.
Here's where the fear should set in.
Nobody is saying that some point has been passed where robots can
begin to enslave humans a la science fiction.
But if 10 of 30 skeptical judges can be
fooled by a chatbot that something fictional is actually true,
imagine what can happen when chatbots are released into the World
Wide Web, able to convince massively gullible societies of anything
at all.
Why do Nigerian princes still ask you
to give them your banking information? So they can actually deposit a
fortune within your account? It's because a whole lot of people
believe false promises.
A human-like simulacrum can work 24
hours a day, keep track of millions of lies simultaneously, follow
thousands of conversations uniquely while never getting confused or
losing track, remembering every detail you let slip — and can be
guided to steal everything you own.
“9Contact me for a profitable
transaction i have for you.Regards” Sorry, mrs.liung, but you are
now soooo obsolete.
“Is your email active? I have an
urgent proposal to discuss with you.” Sorry, Wing Lok, but there's
a robot on the line.
The people who imagined a world
containing genuine AI must have believed themselves to be some sort
of god. But even God who created Eden saw it fall into jealousy and
murder pretty quickly.
I don't think Turing, or anyone else,
imagined this outcome. Nobody set out to invent email so that people
could be robbed of their life savings. Nobody set out to create
social media, so that teenaged girls could be coaxed into publishing
nude photos of themselves, and then be bullied into suicide.
Cyberneticist Mitchel Kapor bet $20,000
against futurist Ray Kurzweil that a widely-accepted pass of
their specific Turing Test would occur before the dawn of 2029.
Eric Schmidt, executive chairman of
Google, says the mark will be passed before the end of 2018.
I — and the philosophers — ask: why
would we want that?
Follow Greg Neiman's blog at
Readersadvocate@blogspot.ca
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